【Introduction】
At the early stage of the Qing dynasty, Taiwan was administratively structured as a prefecture, under which are three counties. Fengshan County, one of the counties, encompassed the area of Chienfeng village of Xinglongnei district, nowadays Zouying of Kaohsiung. In the 61st year of Emperor Kangxi (1722), the magistrate ordered construction of a village between Guishan (“Turtle Mountain”) and Sheshan (“Snake Mountain”) accompanied by a surrounding moat. In 1786, during the reign of Emperor Qianlong, the city was captured by the troops of Lin Xuangwen. Hence, the county hall was relocated to Bitoudian (nowadays Fengshan), where a new city was built. The new city was once again attacked and occupied by a band of pirates led by Captain Cai-qieng.
Later, it was voiced to rebuild the old one. However, due to a lack of funding, the project was aborted. In 1824 (the 4th year of Emperor Daoguang), an imperial court inspector, Sun Erzhun, who went on an inspection tour in the area, after a brief survey, he pleaded with the imperial court to rebuild the city. Construction started in 1826 under the supervision of the Magistrate Du Shaoqi. But the magistrate suddenly passed away, and this was seen as an inauspicious omen. Possibly after a careful consideration of the political situation, the government did not progress with the restorations, and the city was left to fall into a ruinous state of decay.
Guishan was situated inside Fengshan City and Sheshan was on the periphery. The city walls were built of coral stone and granite upon which battlements were constructed. Four gates were built for the wall: the Feng-yi gate in the east, the Dian-hai gate in the west, the Qi-wen gate in the south and the Gong-chen gate in the north. The gate house was of a magnificent timber framework. A moat was dug around the outer walls for protection against intruders and protruding bastions were erected on the corners. It is the first city built by the imperial court in Taiwan’s history. The walls and gates of the east and north are still preserved, while in the south only the gate survives. A well named Gongchen and a Tudigong ( "Lord of the Soil and the Ground") temple standing outside of the city, which bear testimony for the development of Fengshan.